Wizard of Oz free essay sample

There were many theoretical assumptions made by people however the author continued to say it was merely a childrens book. There was never any proof justifying what people assumed about the story. The strengths Of this article were all the evidence from the book. Dorothy wearing silver shoes on a golden road could have meant many things. A key plank in the populist platform was a demand for free silver. The good witch who wore white could have been another political analogy. The word Oz itself s another word for an ounce of gold or silver.Bam, the author of The Wizard of Oz had also written about politics previously. Many of those things could have a deeper meaning, but to most people its just a childrens story. He claimed that the story was neither a pro-Populist parable nor an anti- populist parable. The author of The Wizard of Oz aimed not to teach but to entertain; he aimed to amuse not to lecture. We will write a custom essay sample on Wizard of Oz or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore, he believed the story is best viewed as a symbolic and satirical representation of the populist event and politics.What is known to most people as a childrens book can also be considered a political story. Oz operates on two levels, one literal and the other symbolic and political. Its fascinating how the author incorporates it on both levels. However, the weakness in this article was that there was no proof. It was all just rumors and hearsay. The point he was trying to prove couldnt be proven. Anyone can misinterpret a story or say what they think the author meant, but only the author himself will know the true meaning.

Advantages of Bilingual Children.

Advantages of Bilingual Children. "Bilingualism is to intelligence as food is to human fitness....A simple statement about bilingualism and intelligence is as impossible as prescribing one simple food for human survival" (Baker 1). For 30 years experts have had ongoing discussions concerning the bilingual child and his mental abilities relating to intelligence and education. Originally, experts believed that a bilingual person could not be an intellectual, since he/she was carrying two or more languages in their head. Consensus has changed considerably over the past three decades, with the development and use of new testing. Children with bilingual ability offer an opportunity for researchers to explore the connections between language and thought (Bialystok Cognitive 643). Bilingual children have advantages in education, due to cognitive development, divergent thought, and mental flexibility.Cognitive ability relates to mental activity, such as thinking, remembering, learning, or using language. Research demonstrate s the differences in cognitive functioning between monolinguals and bilinguals.Category:Educational researchAnalysis and control are language components that develop later in monolinguals than in bilinguals (Bialystok Cognitive 636). These abilities refer to representation and selective attention in language that aid in comprehension and understanding. Adults who speak two languages in childhood are profoundly affected in their cognitive development (Bialystok Cognitive 643).This advantage can be manifest itself in several ways. The majority of field researchers conclude that this ability allows bilinguals the advantage of diversity and flexibility in cognition to a significant level over monolinguals (Latham 79). Gonzalez proposes that bilingual children naturally develop cognitive representation verbally, non-verbally, and symbolically (230). Truly bilingual students surpass monolingual students on many intelligence tests, both verbal and nonverbal (Latham 79). Language fluency is determined by listening, speaking, and reading abilities (Rosenberg 1).However, since levels of bilingualism exist, the affect to cognitive development is correlative (Latham 79). In a study conducted by Ellen Bialystok, both...

An Ideal Husband, By Oscar Wilde

An Ideal Husband, By Oscar Wilde To give the devil his work is fiction Wilde brilliantly uses the opportunity to authors comments (remarks), which gives explanations to the text of a dramatic work, containing a description of the situation, the exterior of the actors, the behavior of the characters in the play and some other information. From them we get the information and impressions, which are unlikely to have been able to get when watching the play, and to understand that we have and what the author says in his remarks, hidden meaning, you must have knowledge of the realities of the time, location, social stratum, in which the action. You must decide the amount of tasks to solve a set of puzzles that we offer Wilde. Puzzles start from the beginning of the text. The persons of the play opens The Earl of Caversham, KG What does it mean K.G.? This is a Knight Companion of the Garter. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medià ¦val England. Membership in the Ord er is strictly limited and includes the monarch, the Prince of Wales, not more than 24 companion members, and various supernumerary members. Only 24! Interestingly, as we know it, if we look only stage action? What will the director, if it considers that these two letters – the author’s name to him? Would put the actor in the mantle and hat of the Order? This will give a completely unnecessary comic effect, the Earl of Caversham is a very serious person and not clothe them in inappropriate time and place setting. You can decorate the costume hero Badge of the Order of the Garter, but whether the public understands what it is? Especially from the back rows. No, this is only a literary device, it is a sign for the reader who understands the reader who immediately allocate a statement and say to himself, after reading the following line -, his Son:  «It is clear with whom we work.† For audiences the premiere, which were also to some extent, the readers, as acquain ted with the play before a performance at the theater program that is an indication of Wilde’s spoken a lot more than us, the inhabitants of the 21 century. For them it was an allusion to specific individuals, who could imagine that it was possible to correlate what is happening on stage. Only 24 people in England. And certainly few of them actively participated in political activities, close to the prime minister, as the Earl of Caversham. No, not the family of the Knights of the Garter were not among the noble, but impoverished families, and Viscount Goring will live in Curzon Street, next door to Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield. Oscar Wilde (and not only he) likes to put his characters at that address. In The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde, Lord Henry Wotton lives on Curzon Street. In Vanity Fair by William Makepeace Thackeray, Rawdon and Rebecca Crawley live in a very small comfortable house in Curzon Street, Mayfair.

Chinas Consumption And Its National And International Consequences Case Study

Chinas Consumption And Its National And International Consequences - Case Study Example The overconsumption of energy and resources by China is a threat to the world as well as the Chinese society itself in many ways. This paper highlights some of the ways in which overconsumption of resources has had detrimental effects on the Chinese society as well as the world at large. On one hand, coal happens to be a fundamental reason of the economic growth of China; on the other hand, the consumption of coal has caused immense damage to the environment of China and the people of China at large. Today, at least 70 per cent of the energy needs of China are being met by coal. In the year 2006m China consumed about 2.4 billion tons of coal that was more than the combined consumption of three big countries of the world including America, Britain, and Japan. In the year 2000, China’s coal consumption was anticipated to double by the year 2020. One reason for the huge consumption in China is its inefficiency that reflects from this statement of a Chinese official; â€Å"TO PRO DUCE GOODS WORTH $10,000 WE NEED SEVEN TIMES THE RESOURCES USED BY JAPAN, ALMOST SIX TIMES THE RESOURCES USED BY THE U.S. AND--A PARTICULAR SOURCE OF EMBARRASSMENT--ALMOST THREE TIMES THE RESOURCES USED BY INDIA† (Elizabeth para. 7). ... E EMISSIONS, FALLS ON ONE-QUARTER OF CHINA'S TERRITORY AND ON ONE-THIRD OF ITS AGRICULTURAL LAND, DIMINISHING AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AND ERODING BUILDINGS† (Elizabeth para. 8). Coal consumption in China is also a cause of water shortage. Coal mining and coal processing both require intensive use of water. Since most of the coal resources of China are found in its arid regions, the operations of coal mining in China often get into a competition with its agriculture and residents in their access to the water resources that have thus become scarce. â€Å"AS MINING ACTIVITIES OFTEN DRAW HEAVILY FROM GROUNDWATER SOURCES, THEY HAVE DEPLETED GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN MANY COAL DISTRICTS. THIS HAS DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS ON LOCAL FLORA AND FAUNA, ESPECIALLY DURING INCREASINGLY MORE FREQUENT PERIODS OF DROUGHT† (Tu and Johnson-Reiser 7). The water pool China has seriously dried and decayed as a result of the incompetent management of the resources. This has not only led to the loss of grain s but has also caused increase in the social disruption in different forms including protests and conflicts, thus thwarting contemporary China’s supreme socio-economic goal. Most of the programs of conservancy of water in China have failed. China has not only affected its own people and the countries all over the world with its massive consumption of coal, but is also responsible for the rise in food prices because of its high consumption needs of grains. â€Å"FOR THE PAST THREE YEARS, GLOBAL FOOD PRICES HAVE SOARED BY 80 PERCENT, AND THE MEDIA HIGHLIGHTS CHINA’S GROWING DEMAND FOR GRAIN TO FEED ITS LIVESTOCK AS A MAJOR REASON FOR THE CURRENT GLOBAL FOOD CRISIS† (Kim 232). The US and China account for 40 per cent of the emissions of greenhouse gas across the globe. Success or failure of the efforts

Social & Emotional Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Social & Emotional Intelligence - Essay Example relationships with employees, helping them to maintain healthy interpersonal relationship with each other and this call for self-awareness and awareness of others. Self-awareness improves ones self-esteem and thus a weak SEI competency will translate to low self-esteem, and this will compromise the duties of the manager. Managers play the role of a leader and workers lookup to them for guidance and on issues such as solving disputes. Low self-awareness will distort one’s managerial skills (Sterrett 41). There is a need for self-evaluation to maintain self-awareness both on a social and emotional level to improve the SEI competency. Empathy plays a vital role when it comes to maintaining a good relation with others; working on the emphatic nature and communication skills will boost self-awareness competency. Gaining emotional intelligence by managing self will improve the relationship formed with others since one will know how to react with others. By improving self-awareness, and individual will be able to improve the relations with others, and the chances of conflicting will be minimal, which lead to to a good working environment for everyone (Hughes, Patterson and Terrell

Developing a Web Site Privacy Policy Essay Example for Free

Developing a Web Site Privacy Policy Essay Software requirements: Web browser software. Word processing software, Electronic presentation software (optional) Dirt Bikes’ management wants to make sure it has policies and procedures in place to protect the privacy of visitors to its Web site. You have been asked to develop Dirt Bikes’ Web site privacy policy. The TRUSTe Web site (www.truste.org) has Model Privacy Policy Disclosures in its Resources for businesses that you can download and review to help you draft Dirt Bikes’ privacy policy. You can also examine specific companies’ privacy policies by searching for Web site privacy policy on Google. ca or using another search engine. Prepare a report for management that addresses the following issues: 1. How much data should Dirt Bikes collect on visitors to its Web site? What information could it discover by tracking visitors’ activities at its Web site? What value would this information provide the company? What are the privacy problems raised by collecting such data? 2. Should Dirt Bikes use cookies? What are the advantages of using cookies for both Dirt Bikes and its Web site visitors? What privacy issues do cookies create for Dirt Bikes? 3. Should Dirt Bikes join an organization such as TRUSTe to certify it has adopted approved privacy practices? Why or why not? 4. Should Dirt Bikes design its site so that it conforms to P3P standards? Why or why not? 5. Should Dirt Bikes adopt an opt-in or opt-out model of informed consent? 6. Include in your report a short (two to three pages) privacy statement for the Dirt Bikes ebsite. You can use the eight categories of the TRUSTe Model Privacy Statement as a guideline if you wish. 7. (Optional) Use electronic presentation software to summarize your recommendations for management.

Mao Zedong :: Chinese China History

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong is one of the most controversial leaders of the twentieth century. He has been known both as a savior and a tyrant to the Chinese people. From his tactical success of the Long March to his embarrassing failure of the Great Leap Forward, Mao has greatly influenced the result of what China is today. Most of Mao's major successes have been in the CCP's rise to power, while Mao's failures have come at a time when the CCP was in power. Mao Zedong was born on December 26, 1893 is Shaoshan village in Hunan. He experienced a middle peasant upbringing with a very conservative father. Ironically Mao went to an old-fashioned school where he learned the traditional Chinese curriculum. At this time in his childhood, the whole country could foresee the fall of the previous dynasty. Mao studied to be a teacher at The First Provincial Normal School , in Ch'ansha, which influenced his future thinking and beliefs. Mao believed that the Chinese way of thinking needed reform, therefore focused on younger people and peasants to build his political career. Mao ruled one quarter of the worlds population for one quarter of a century, and the way in which he was brought up and studied influenced his future decisions greatly. Mao was known to be rebellious when he was younger, but his first real experience came in 1912 when he decided to go to Wuhan and serve in the revolutionary army. For five years Mao studied and received an education in academics, but also politics. When Mao graduated in 1918 he was a political writer with a notable following. Mao had studied Marxism and other socialist ideas and by 1919 considered himself to be a Marxist. For a couple of years Mao wrote on his beliefs and even began organizing groups to share their ideas. Mao had organized a group of Communists in Changsha and in 1921 he went to Shanghai to participate in the First National Party Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. By the 1930s Mao was at the center of the Communist party after its defeat in 1927 by Chiang and the KMT. Mao organized and developed plans of a peasant-based guerilla strategy. Based in the province of Jiangxi, otherwise known as the Jiangxi soviet, Mao ruled nine million people and the CCP was begin to be a reckoning force. The KMT seeing the CCP as a threat attacked the Jiangxi soviet.

Behavioral Issues Essay

On April 16th, 2007, the world was shocked by the senseless killing of 32 students and staff of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) by a fellow student named Seung-Hui Cho. His actions and subsequent suicide reignited questions on gun control measures countrywide and the ban of weapons on campuses. Public anger was targeted against the campus police and administration for what the public believed were security lapses on their part. The governor of Virginia State appointed a panel to investigate all aspects of the shooting. VPI came under censure for not doing enough to keep Cho away from other students in light of his mental condition. However the blame for the incident was placed squarely on Cho as he failed to abide with the recommendation of the court which would have helped him recover from his condition. Profile of Seung – Hui Cho As a child, Cho was shy and withdrawn. He kept his emotions very much under control and to most people he was considered antisocial. Cho had been diagnosed as suffering from severe anxiety from an early age. His condition was further complicated by selective mutism which caused him speaking difficulties. As a consequence of his speech challenges, the other students derided and bullied him thus contributing to his withdrawal from social activities (Golden, 2007-08-20). He operated as a loner and not much information was known about him or his friends. He received therapy for his condition in junior and middle school but opted to discontinue with the treatment later on in life. Early accounts of his childhood behavior reveal him to have been a bright child who did well in class and was popular with the other children. The transformation to an angry man with suicidal tendencies and distorted thoughts occurred some where along his social development (Bartol, 1999). His anger was so extreme that one of his professors asked that he be removed from her class. He refused to attend therapy despite being advised to so on many occasions by his mentors. The shootings that he carried out were premeditated and carefully planned taking into consideration details concerning the thirty day window before buying a second gun. Rejection by the females he was interested in fueled his feelings of unworthiness and caused him more frustration. Why did Cho gravitate towards criminal behavior? The reason for this change in him was brought about by his exclusion from mainstream society because of abnormalities that he had. The frustration he felt because of the response from the in-group towards his condition made him emotionally insecure (Bandura, 1977). Unloved and despised he developed his own coping mechanisms which were to respond with hostility and anger to any body from the in-group. He had no out – group to socialize with as was the case in the Columbine Shootings otherwise he would have had an accomplice on the fateful day. Cho began to hate society in general but in particular those females who spurned his advances and those who ridiculed him for his speech challenges. Unable to develop a meaningful support system, he relied on other social deviants to be his role models (hence his admiration with the Columbine Shooting students). By identifying himself with Jesus Christ and believing that he was a messiah of sorts, Cho developed delusionary thoughts about who he was. His loss of interest in class and antisocial behavior were common signs of some one with suicidal or destructive thoughts. At that point in life he had no cause for living and looked forward to his release from this world through death (Barlow, 2005). The Role of VPI Campus Police Department Campus police are primarily concerned with the safety and security of the student population and the members of staff. They aim to ensure that criminal acts are prevented from occurring and that action is taken to apprehend the perpetrators of a crime when it takes place. Their roles include responding to cries of distress from any body on the campus and to take the necessary action to ensure that the situation returns to normality as soon as possible (PaperClip Communications, 2007). Campus police receive the same training as normal police offices and are thus well versed in matters of disaster response and first aid. Profiling of any sort is something they are exposed to. Cho had been cited twice for stalking females and been cautioned not to repeat the behavior. Police procedure would have demanded a file be opened and any information about him properly documented. This would have required the cooperation of the administration so that private information about Cho could be put in the file. Based on the analysis of his personal profile, the police would have decided whether or not to put him on their watch list. Close supervision of his activities would have revealed his gun practice outings and alarming writings that would have warranted an administrative decision to revoke his admission at VPI. The lack of coordination between the administration and the campus police contributed to the failure of both parties in identifying Cho as a potential threat to the security of the campus. While it may have required more intense observation of the shooter to accurately arrive at his next course of action, a report from the local authorities charged with reporting gun purchases would have alerted the police to what kind of plan Cho may have been contemplating. Consequently, the blame for the shooting lies with the State of Virginia’s poor enforcement of laws that allowed a mentally challenged person to buy a gun. This incident seems to vindicate those who favor tougher laws regulating gun control and ownership. Further the fact that this purchase was not reported to the campus authorities shows that the agency conducting background checks was not performing its duties meticulously. The fact that a professor had complained about Cho’s behavior and requested he be withdrawn from her class was reason enough for the administration to put the campus police on alert. Cho should have been monitored more closely and any additional complaint form staff or students should have earned him an immediate expulsion. The health bodies that were to handle his case should have taken up the task with more vigor so as to have rehabilitated him and prevented the tragedy from occurring. By setting him loose on society the judiciary must share part of the blame. It appears that the judge was not sufficiently apprised of the danger Cho posed to his fellow human beings. An exhaustive analysis of Cho’s mental condition should have been made and further incarceration ordered in the light of his record. Laws surrounding privacy seemed to have frustrated the efforts to have the various stakeholders arrive at an informed decision. A relaxing of such laws or exceptions to them should be introduced so as to avoid a repeat of such cases. Shortcomings of the key players Profiling of individuals helps to place them in certain categories which identify the basic characteristics associated with that profile. Thus racial profiling may suggest that a black man outside a convenience store late at night might be planning a robbery. Despite the discriminatory nature of profiling, it assists the law enforcement officers to make arrests and in some cases prevent crimes. Similarly, profiling based on behavioral traits may identify potential criminals before they commit a crime. By listing the behavioral traits of criminals, one can be able to pick out those individuals with a likelihood of committing a crime based on their behavior. Antisocial acts, being withdrawn, low self esteem, excessive anger and a tendency to associate with violence are some of the traits that criminals have. Poor support systems and delusionary thoughts contribute to an individual taking up destructive actions. The VPI police were more attuned to dealing with the normal cases of petty crime and harassment to have bothered with a potential case of a mass murderer. A campus setting is not the most likely place to find a serial killer or a rapist. VPI police must have concentrated their efforts on maintaining the peace by dealing expeditiously with any cases of deviant behavior aimed at upsetting the student fraternity rather than profiling students with troubled pasts. This oversight is what led to their failure to notice the alarming trends in Cho’s behavior. It appears that the training they received did not include aspects of criminal behavior. Had they been adequately prepared for such eventualities, they would have identified Cho as a potential trouble maker and taken steps to monitor his behavior. Training in criminal behavior would have helped the police to set up a unit to deal with profiling of suspected students in a bid to prevent any tragedy on the scope that occurred that day (Ellis, 2005). After discovering the two dead bodies the police should have advised all students and staff to take precautionary measures as the killer would still have been at large. As a further measure they should have insisted on checking the bags of any student entering any building to establish if they were carrying any dangerous weapons. The administration on its part should take the concerns of its teaching staff very seriously. From the moment Cho was declared persona non grata in the professor’s class, urgent steps should have been taken to establish the nature of the complaint and whether it would have constituted a major threat to the security of the others members of staff and students. A hotline should be established through which students can report abnormal behavior by their colleagues and have the authorities investigate the claims with a view to taking the necessary action. This will help to identify those students with a potential for criminal behavior. The administration needs to develop emergency measures to be taken in the event that such an incident occurs again. Armed police guards should patrol the grounds and each building should have an armed officer who will deal with such cases. If the police had been in place and armed, they would have confronted the killer and engaged him, thus reducing the collateral damage caused. Behavioral Studies in Campuses Profiling is one of the tools that the VPI police would have used to help them identify Cho as a problem student (Bartol, 1999). By identifying his characteristics, they would have placed him in category that fits his profile correctly. Consequently they would have taken steps to contain any carnage that he would have planned by setting up surveillance around him. Further measures would include accessing the medical records of all students with mental challenges and determining the extent of the disorder ands the potential damage the student would inflict on their colleagues should the worst case scenario be taken. Such students should be closely observed and if there is any conviction that the person presents a threat to the society, their studies should be terminated forthwith. Looking for clue in the student’s essays is another avenue for picking out potential threats to the campus fraternity. By advising teaching staff to forward all essays that contain an alarming reference to violence and death, the police will be able to analyze the thought pattern of the students in a bid to establish the severity of the threat. Recurring violence themes running through a student’s essays are a likely indicator that the student is planning to carry out a violent act (Rogers, 1957). This will inform the police on the need to carry out searches of the student’s room and bags to determine if they are bringing any dangerous weapons to the campus. The police should also liaise with the local authorities to establish if the student has bought any weapons in the recent past and insist that he be blacklisted in the data bases so as to prevent him from accessing any guns. Questioning roommates of suspected trouble makers will help the police get more information concerning the behavior of the person under suspicion. This exercise should be extended to the family members where important records concerning their child can be obtained. It will also help in that the police can raise their concerns with the parents and devise methods to deal with the crisis at hand. Some of the solutions may involve a temporary withdrawal of their child from the campus for treatment. Upon successful completion of the treatment the child can be readmitted to the campus without prejudice. In instances where the treatment is ineffective the student should be permanently removed from the campus to avoid problems arising in the future. Counseling is another option open to the police. Having identified the student’s problem, the rest of the student population can be counseled on how they can assist their colleague deal with his condition. By being more sympathetic and caring, the student fraternity at VPI may have saved Cho’s life. If he had developed a good support system and had understanding friends that did not makes fun of him he may have become happier and more social. Thus as an intervention method, it is important for the staff and students to appreciate the disabilities of their colleagues and work towards making their lives more bearable rather than difficult. Postmortem Had the VPI police identified Cho as a potential threat they should have placed him under close supervision. They may have insisted that he attends therapy for his condition as a prerequisite for continued attendance at the polytechnic. Cho should have been housed in special quarters where he could receive the necessary care and medication for his condition (Prochaska, 2007). If the situation was extreme then he should have been discontinued until a marked improvement in his condition was observed. Close circuit TV should have been installed in all the buildings so that the police could monitor the activities taking place everywhere. This would have made it more difficult for anybody to perpetrate a crime and get away unnoticed. As a deterrent, this measure would have assisted greatly. Metal detectors ands physical searches should have been conducted on anybody leaving or entering a building. All exits and entrances should be monitored and the fewer the better. Police manning the checkpoints should be armed and trained to deal effectively with any threat to themselves or the campus population. As a preventive measure the police should conduct training drills for polytechnic to prepare them for any eventuality. By simulating shooting sprees, grenade attacks and bomb explosions, they can prepare the students and staff about the best action to take when faced with such a crisis. In addition the police should partner with the administration and students to foster close relationships so that concerns like those of Cho’s roommates are reported to the police for necessary action. This will entail the police educating the students for what signs to look for in their colleagues and how to handle them if caught up in a precarious situation. Once Cho began shooting the police should have created a distraction so that his attention was diverted. Such interventions can include the negotiations that take place in hostage situations. VPI police will need a trained negotiator who can talk people out of doing things they had planned to do. If the police knew Cho’s medical history a negotiator would have got to the scene quickly and began to convince him that the carnage was not right and that better alternatives could be found for his concerns. To deal with such case of student violence, more stringent security measures must be put in place (Vossekuil et al. 2002). CCTV should be installed in all buildings and be security centre be manned 24/7. Strict rules on being inn possession of a weapon concealed or otherwise should lead to automatic expulsion of the offender. The administration should share student information with the police so that they can establish profiles for all the students based on criminal, medical or personal information. The profile database will enable the police to narrow down the potential trouble makers and monitor them closely for any disturbing developments. The federal and state government’s should pass laws that make disclosure requirements more explicit and background checks more thorough before a gun can be sold to an individual. A waiting period of not less than one week should be imposed before a license can be issued to own a gun. This will allow for ample time for cross checking of an individual’s background before issuing a gun to him. Restrictions on the sale of guns should extend to students currently enrolled in learning institutions and heavy penalties imposed on gun dealers who break the law. Teaching staff should also be trained on criminal behavior theory so they can identify students who fit the profile of a criminal (Turvey, 1999). This will help the police in their work as the teaching staff are closer to the students and interact with them more often. Further, nationwide campaigns should be held discouraging the use of violence and therapists employed by all institutions to deal with individuals that need counseling. The institutions should be mandated to commit a student to therapy where a professional view demands so. In the event that the student refuses to comply, automatic expulsion should be enforced.

The Design and Construction Phases of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao

5.â€Å"The thing I personally look for is an architectural thought that stands a nice opportunity of lasting the planning system, clients demands, value technology and all the other hurdlings that it will face†Francis Golding Research an illustration of an architectural undertaking where you consider the thought has survived the hurdlings faced in its development. Explain some of the challenges faced during the design and building procedure. See the functions of the designer, the client and other members of the design and building squad in accomplishing this end, see whether other factors such as the budget and the type of procurance played a function in the success of the undertaking. The procedure when organizing a edifice is divided into two cardinal phases: The design stage and the building stage, which since the 1990’s have been tightly linked through contractual agreements. Depending on legion factors, such as budget and the type of procurance chosen, either side can be dramatically affected by the other. As a consequence the finished merchandise may non be to the satisfaction of the client, stakeholders or the companies involved. An illustration of a edifice in which both of these stages were completed successfully in every facet is the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, by Frank O. Gehry and Associates ( FOG/A ) . The Client and Advisers The Guggenheim was a really big graduated table undertaking which was commissioned in 1993 by Consorcio Museo Guggenheim ( CMG ) . This group comprised of the Basque authorities ( Regional ) and the Vizcaya Government ( Provincial ) . They were responsible for funding the undertaking, and the municipality of Bilbao ( Local Government ) donated the site ( REF ) The ground that the authorities proposed to construct an art gallery of such importance, with an iconic designer, was due to the fact that the metropolis of Bilbao was falling into diminution. There was an pressing demand to set building undertakings into action that would renew the country. ( REF ) Because a great trade of money was invested ( ?77m ) a big measure of people involved in both the design and building stages were working for the authorities. CMG put together a squad which oversaw the full procedure, which included:Legal ConsultantFinancial ControllerCommunicationss DirectorDesign Adviser( REF )Their function, as a foundation, was confer withing and doing certain the undertaking was run intoing their aims. They had â€Å"everyday decision-making power† as they were the client. ( Harvard ) Besides confer withing on with the design and building squads was the Solomon R. Guggenheim in New York. They needed someplace to house their unobserved art aggregation – they made a trade with CMG to lend it ( at a cost ) , and partnered with them to make an administration called the Guggenheim Foundation. This gave them entree to the trade name name, Guggenheim. ( Ref hypertext transfer protocol: //www.guggenheim.org/guggenheim-foundation ) Engineers Besides involved in the undertaking were IDOM, employed as executive designers. ( ref ) They had huge cognition of big scale building. The structural applied scientists were Skidmore, Owings and Merrill ( SOM ) , who besides consulted in the undertaking and formed portion of the design squad. Procurement CMG established a clear set of demands for IDOM to run into:â€Å" The Executive Architect ( IDOM ) shall be responsible for run intoing the mark cost, with a fiscal punishment if it is exceeded.The museum shall open to the populace before the terminal of 1997.The museum shall be completed utilizing the highest quality edifice criterions.The Executive Architect shall maximize the usage of local employees and stuffs for building.The Executive Architect shall ease the Design Architect’s creativity.†( ref )To accomplish these marks, chiefly the clip restraint and rigorous budget, it would necessitate careful thought into how the edifice work would be procured. Another factor that had to be considered was that Gehry’s design was ambitious, and utilizing traditional procurance methods would non run into these ends, particularly as FOG/A’s architectural linguistic communication was â€Å"less and less derivative of current practice† ( Tombesi, 2002 ) and the fact that â€Å"80 % of the building systems and stuffs used in the Bilbao Guggenheim undertaking were wholly advanced in the edifice industry.† ( Harvard p5 ) The design had been efficaciously modelled on the package plan, Catia, antecedently used in the aerospace industry. This was another component that influenced the pick of procurance as it would significantly rush up both the design and the building phase. It would better design communicating between all the companies involved, as the theoretical account could be invariably updated to feed information to all contractors. ( REF ) â€Å"One of the cardinal factors in building was the monolithic usage of CAD engineering, something reasonably unusual in architecture. Without this engineering, the Bilbao Guggenheim would still be under building today† ( Harvard p16 ) FOG/A and IDOM decided on seamster doing the contract for the Guggenheim. They required contractors input early on in the design stage so that an effectual theoretical account could be created, that would be every bit near as possible to the architect’s vision, but could besides be constructed precisely like the theoretical account. This would overlap the design and the building processes, and would make more clip to acquire the museum built. However, Tombesi ( 2002 ) cites that due to the fact that it was an institutional and grand-scale public edifice, by jurisprudence they had to use one general contractor. IDOM had experience in big scale undertakings and their method of pull offing them was by dividing the contractual occupations. They managed to carry the public committees deputy in Bilbao that this was the best manner ( Harvard p3 ) FOG/A and IDOM divided the contractual occupations, and called them ‘paquetes’ :DestructionFoundationsStructureOutsidesInsides and InstallationsUrban InfrastructureFurniture, Fixtures and EquipmentAfter this they began ‘the petition for proposals’ phase. FOG/A prepared preliminary certification which outlined the rudimentss of the design and what was required for each of these paquetes, and sent these off to groups of contractors who could perchance execute these specializer occupations. The method of taking who to direct these to was a challenge for IDOM. â€Å"I was looking for contractors [ †¦ ] who were willing to larn how to construct the undertaking instead than being stiff in adhering to their usual methodologies.† ( Harvard ) The groups who were chosen were comparatively little as â€Å"no contractor in the universe had of all time built a undertaking like Bilbao Guggenheim.† ( Harvard ) In response the contractors would subject proposals with elaborate proficient information and how much they could make the undertaking for. ( Tombesi, 2002 ) The contract was named the ‘design-assist process’ ( Figure 1 ) . ( Tombesi, 2002 ) In the diagram, it explains the initial designs and preliminary certification formed by FOG/A and IDOM for a individual paquete. The following phase was to direct out these paperss to contractors ( bomber ) and so take which to use after they have submitted their proposals. In the diagram it shows that FOG/A reimbursed the contractors who were non chosen. After they chose the contractor they had a period of 90 yearss to develop the design with the whole of the design squad. If they fulfilled the contract by the terminal of this so they would be awarded their ‘lump sum’ . A job that IDOM had with these custom-made paquetes was specifically to make with the exterior design. Five companies met the specifications/requirements which IDOM needed to do the building of the complex outside possible ; These companies were sent command paperss and invited to subject proposals. Three of these companies responded, but all were over the set budget. The jurisprudence restricted IDOM from taking any of these proposals despite pricing, so a new petition for commands was issued. IDOM besides teamed up with the staying contractors to clear up design and pricing so that doing this command was possible. Two companies matched the mark cost this clip about and the determination was made, with the aid of CMG, to take Balzola ( a spot about the company? ) ( HARVARD ) The initial pick for the cladding stuff of the Guggenheim was hand-polished chromium steel steel, so the first command paperss were organised with this merchandise in head. However FOG/A were diffident that it was the appropriate stuff for the occupation, and were fighting to happen options that would execute good and look aesthetically delighting. Leaded Cu was an option but IDOM were dying that lead would be washed from the rain into the milieus. Therefore Ti became the perfect merchandise to replace the chromium steel steel. The lone exclusion was the disbursal, as it was non an low-cost stuff. Fortunately, big measures of it had merely been released onto the market at the right clip for it to be used on the Guggenheim, dramatically cut downing the monetary value. This made it low-cost plenty to suit into the mark cost. The Budget The budget or mark cost of the Guggenheim Bilbao was agreed with the client to be 14,028M Pestas, or ?77m in lbs. As a method of run intoing this end and commanding the money spent, IDOM established a system which tracked outgo at regular intervals. This was a elaborate cost estimation, calculated every six hebdomads so that the design squad could compare their advancement to it and entree their design determinations. If their programs exceeded this estimation, so steps would be taken to rapidly propose alternate ways of making the same thing. ( HARVARD ) An illustration of where the cost estimations helped forestall a serious escalation in disbursals was when SOM, the structural applied scientists, sent off to IDOM information on the structural capablenesss of the geometric volumes. A communicating mistake resulted in an underestimate of the weight of the steel frame, and this caused an addition in costs. However, because of the regular cost estimations, this addition was noticed rapidly and early on. This made it possible for the design squad to do a fast response, which involved changing the mark cost and a few facets of the design to maintain within the budget and on agenda. ( HARVARD ) Without this procedure set in topographic point, little inaccuracies would hold been much harder to descry and would hold perchance become much larger mistakes as the undertaking continued. Construction In the building stages, everything went swimmingly as the clear communicating of CAD drawings helped contractors and builders understand the design phase. Equally good as this, the imbrication of the design and building stages had sizably reduced the clip it took to finish the undertaking. However, during the concluding phases of building, timing became a challenge. The exhibitions needed at least six months to be fitted into the edifice, and could non be installed without protection from the exterior. The exterior and interior undertakings needed to be complete for this to be possible. IDOM and FOG/A responded to this job by overlapping the stages of the exterior and interior undertakings even further and the agendas of the contractors involved were reviewed and reorganised to maximize the sum of clip they had staying. ( Harvard ) for illustration, â€Å"Balzola was expected to temporarily cover unfinished countries to screen the interiors.† ( HARVARD ) This response allowed work to be completed with synergism. In decision, the Guggenheim Bilbao was an advanced undertaking at the clip it was built, an illustration of one of the first big graduated table edifices to include CAD in both stages. IDOM and FOG/A custom-made every measure of the design to accommodate its formation, such as the ‘request for packages’ procurance path, and this is what finally granted it the position of an iconic edifice. It â€Å"demonstrates a manner of interacting with trade specializers before the completion of contract paperss, and without interrupting competitory tendering.† ( Tombesi 2002 ) And this contributed to meeting:The clients demandsThe budgetThe deadlineAnd doing a high quality edificeBesides Gehry, as a consequence, had the design freedom to do his vision be constructed precisely as he saw it in his head. On the whole it demonstrates that the system defines the quality, clip and cost of the terminal consequence, every bit good as the input from people working as a squad contribut ing towards the same end. Although it was something no-one had of all time tried before, and some parts seemed like test and mistake, the edifice was successful in every facet. Every hurdle they faced was met by a strong squad of people.

The History of Electric Vehicles Began in 1830

The History of Electric Vehicles Began in 1830 By definition, an electric vehicle, or EV, will use an electric motor for propulsion rather than a gasoline-powered motor. Besides the electric car, there are bikes, motorcycles, boats, airplanes, and trains that have all been powered by electricity. Beginnings Who invented the very first EV is uncertain, as several inventors have been given credit. In 1828, Hungarian nyos Jedlik invented a small-scale model car powered by an electric motor that he designed. Between 1832 and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain), Robert Anderson of Scotland invented a crude electric-powered carriage. In 1835, another small-scale electric car was designed by Professor Stratingh of Groningen, Holland, and built by his assistant Christopher Becker. In 1835, Thomas Davenport, a blacksmith from Brandon, Vermont, built a small-scale electric car. Davenport was also the inventor of the first American-built DC electric motor. Better Batteries More practical and more successful electric road vehicles were invented by both Thomas Davenport and Scotsman Robert Davidson around 1842. Both inventors were the first to use the newly-invented, non-rechargeable electric cells (or batteries). Frenchman Gaston Plante invented a better storage battery in 1865 and his fellow countrymen Camille Faure further improved the storage battery in 1881. Better-capacity storage batteries were needed for electric vehicles to become practical. American Designs In the late 1800s, France and Great Britain were the first nations to support the widespread development of electric vehicles. In 1899, a Belgian-built electric racing car called La Jamais Contente set a world record for land speed of 68 mph. It was designed by Camille Jà ©natzy. It was not until 1895 that Americans began to devote attention to electric vehicles after an electric tricycle was built by A. L. Ryker and William Morrison built a six-passenger wagon, both in 1891. Many innovations followed, and interest in motor vehicles increased greatly in the late 1890s and early 1900s. In fact, William Morrisons design, which had room for passengers, is often considered the first real and practical EV. In 1897, the first commercial EV application was established: a fleet of New York City taxis built by the Electric Carriage and Wagon Company of Philadelphia. Increased Popularity By the turn of the century, America was prosperous. Cars, now available in steam, electric, or gasoline versions, were becoming more popular. The years 1899 and 1900 were the high point of electric cars in America,  as they outsold all other types of cars. One example was the 1902 Phaeton built by the Woods Motor Vehicle Company of Chicago, which had a range of 18 miles, a top speed of 14 mph and cost $2,000. Later in 1916, Woods invented a hybrid car that had both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. Electric vehicles had many advantages over their competitors in the early 1900s. They did not have the vibration, smell, and noise associated with gasoline-powered cars. Changing gears on gasoline cars was the most difficult part of driving. Electric vehicles did not require gear changes. While steam-powered cars also had no gear shifting, they suffered from long start-up times of up to 45 minutes on cold mornings. The steam cars had less range before needing water, compared to an electric cars range on a single charge. The only good roads of the period were in town, which meant that most commutes were local, a perfect situation for electric vehicles since their range was limited. The electric vehicle was the preferred choice of many because it did not require manual effort to start, as with the hand crank on gasoline vehicles,  and there was no wrestling with a gear shifter. While basic electric cars cost under $1,000, most early electric vehicles were ornate, massive carriages designed for the upper class. They had fancy interiors made with expensive materials and averaged $3,000 by 1910. Electric vehicles enjoyed success into the 1920s, with production peaking in 1912. Electric Cars Almost Become Extinct For the following reasons, the electric car declined in popularity. It was several decades before there was a renewed interest in these vehicles. By the 1920s, America had a better system of roads that connected cities, bringing with it the need for longer-range vehicles.The discovery of Texas crude oil reduced the price of gasoline so that it was affordable to the average consumer.The invention of the electric starter by  Charles Kettering  in 1912 eliminated the need for the hand crank.The initiation of mass production of internal combustion engine vehicles by  Henry Ford  made these vehicles widely available and affordable, in the $500 to $1,000 price range. By contrast, the price of the less efficiently-produced electric vehicles continued to rise. In 1912, an electric roadster sold for $1,750, while a gasoline car sold for $650. Electric vehicles had all but disappeared by 1935. The years following until the 1960s were dead years for electric vehicle development and for their use as personal transportation. The Return The  60s  and  70s  saw a need for  alternative-fueled  vehicles to reduce the problems of exhaust emissions from internal combustion engines and to reduce the dependency on imported foreign crude oil. Many attempts to produce practical electric vehicles occurred after 1960. Battronic Truck Company In the early 60s, the Boyertown Auto Body Works jointly formed the Battronic Truck Company with Smith Delivery Vehicles, Ltd., of England and the Exide Division of the Electric Battery Company. The first Battronic electric truck was delivered to the Potomac Edison Company in 1964. This truck was capable of speeds of 25 mph, a range of 62 miles and a payload of 2,500 pounds. Battronic worked with General Electric from 1973 to 1983 to produce 175 utility vans for use in the utility industry and to demonstrate the capabilities of battery-powered vehicles. Battronic also developed and produced about 20 passenger buses in the mid-1970s. CitiCars and Elcar Two companies were leaders in electric car production during this time. Sebring-Vanguard produced over 2,000 CitiCars. These cars had a top speed of 44 mph, a normal cruise speed of 38 mph and a range of 50 to 60 miles. The other company was Elcar Corporation, which produced the Elcar. The Elcar had a top speed of 45 mph, a range of 60 miles and cost between $4,000 and $4,500. United States Postal Service In 1975, the United States Postal Service purchased 350 electric delivery jeeps from the American Motor Company to be used in a test program. These jeeps had a top speed of 50 mph and a range of 40 miles at a speed of 40 mph. Heating and defrosting were accomplished with a gas heater and the recharge time was ten hours.

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 18

Personal Statement Example Everything I saw served as a powerful impetus for my new beginning. I went to WHS where I did everything possible to adapt to new culture and language. I stayed at school late in order to learn English and I was blessed to have supportive people who helped me a lot to succeed. Later, I went to Manchester Community College where I spent 3 productive years. I managed to combine my efforts in learning with personal development opportunities that I was fortunate enough to get. I felt the power of community; I was a student leader, a vice-president in three student clubs and a member of two honor societies. My new leadership skills gave beginning to new ambitions I was going to pursue in life. I made a serious decision to transfer to CCSU and this is my second semester here. I am not intended to stop. I used to be separated from my dream by thousands of kilometers, language barrier and required level of education. I have managed to cope with all these three obstacles and now I am here ready to move further and achieve more. I am not afraid of new challenges; on the contrary, I am anticipating this new start to become a better version of myself in all

Kudler Fine Foods Paper and Presentaion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Kudler Fine Foods Paper and Presentaion - Essay Example And choosing the proper one for the business is depending on the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat, of the choice that possesses in the available and the unavailable resources. The paper has worked on to address the issues regarding the choice of expansion being a private company and a projection of SWOT of the proposed expansion plans. The overall concept of any expansion plan is to raise fund that is needed to expand the company internally or externally. This is so, because the fund is the life line of any venture at the runway. The very first option that the company has projected is the floating of Initial Public Offer to raise fund from the public. This option of Initial Public Offering (IPO), also known as "public offering", is the concept of issuing common stock or shares to the public for the first time. This concept is pretty handy for smaller, younger companies seeking capital to expand. In an IPO, the Kudler may obtain the assistance of an underwriting firm, which helps it determine what type of security to issue; that is common or preferred, best offering price and time to bring it to market. Weakness: The cost of complying with regulatory requirements can be very high. Some of the additional costs include the generation of financial reporting documents, audit fees, investor relation departments and accounting oversight committees are unwanted by the public (INVESTOPEDIA, 2008). Threat: The actions of Kudler’s management will become increasingly scrutinised as investors constantly look for rising bottom line. This may lead Kudler to perform questionable practices in order to boost earnings. After this brief insight of the IPO based expansion; the second expansion plan is the Acquisition. It is also known as a takeover or is the buying of one company by another (Spaeder, 2004). Here, the companies cooperate in negotiations of purchasing of a smaller firm by a larger one. There is another form of acquisition, known as