Rick Hansen in Grania Litwin’s Perpetual Motion

Crushing trepidation in our psyches is the greatest test. In Perpetual Motion, composed by Crania Litton, Rick Hansen massacres the greatest test in the two his body and his heart, and instructs individuals to discover and accomplish their life objectives. His fortitude, determination and liberality mark him as one of the most respected good example in mankind's history. With a firm desire and reliable endeavor, Hansen vanquishes a hardship which nearly destructed his heart previously. His mental fortitude and certainty carries constructive impacts to the individuals who experience the ill effects of bind and lights up individuals to beat trouble bravely.When caught in perpetual agony and misery, he didn't surrender himself; rather, he decided to â€Å"focus on something [he] could do, set objectives. â€Å"(paragraph 1 7) Trampling down suffering by going to develop himself is an extraordinary triumph. This activity moves individuals to confront challenge and overcome it without a nyone else. Hansen empowers individuals by both utilizing his noteworthy experience and giving amazing words. He demonstrates to the world that he is never vanquished by physical inability: â€Å"He pushed his seat 40,000 kilometers around the world, fashioned 34 nations, up mountain ranges, through freezing snowstorms and along the Great Wall. (passage 2) Also, he advises individuals to be courageous in venturing towards their aspiration and never consider disappointment in light of the fact that ‘the just thing that stops individuals going after their fantasy is dread of disappointment. â€Å"(paragraph 23) His prosperity rehabilitates himself as well as exudes would like to individuals who dither to venture out their objective. Going constantly forward, Hansen doesn't fulfill in making just himself effective. He expects to assist more with peopling who ever experience same problems.Hansen established Rick Hansen Man in Motion Foundation, whose â€Å"consciousness-raising endeavors helped raise subsidizing of $158 million. â€Å"(paragraph 9) His good example is as noteworthy as the cash he has conceded to better â€Å"specialized treatment focuses, new imaging innovation, excellent neural and spinal specialists. â€Å"(paragraph 8) Hansen endures to change the world with his undertaking and rouse individuals to carry on with a superior life. Despite the fact that in wheelchair, Rick Hansen still carries on with a significantly more awesome life than a great many people. Failing to be vanquished by dread and seeking after aspiration no

The Role of Acupuncture in Fertility

The Role of Acupuncture in Fertility Needle therapy is a conventional medication structure that has been around for more than 3000 years, starting in China and is utilized in to treat different medical issues, for example, back and joint agonies, mitigate pressure and manage the progression of chi or vitality in the body of the individual that profits it. Needle therapy utilizes exceptionally meager needles embedded in various constrain focuses all through your body to accomplish vitality stream guideline and advance wellbeing and prosperity. Aside from this, the utilization of needle therapy has additionally been utilized to help individuals having issues in fruitfulness. It very well may be utilized to assist you with imagining in the event that you are having issues doing as such. Throughout the years, an ever increasing number of medications planning to address richness and origination issues and help people and couples get pregnant. A portion of these medicines have worked in one manner or the other, while some have been demonstrated to be incapable and are in the end not, at this point utilized or recommended. Among these treatment strategies, customary Chinese medication techniques, for example, needle therapy and others are as yet utilized in the Western world and is picking up prominence for its advantages not just for helping couple in wording or ripeness and origination yet additionally for their general wellbeing status. What is Fertility? Origination? Richness is the word that is utilized to indicate your ability to get pregnant (in the event that you are a female) or impregnate (for guys). It is normally associated with your ability to play out the jobs and obligations related either with parenthood or parenthood. In any case, the word origination is utilized to bring up to a state when that ability to get pregnant is exploited, coming about to the production of a hatchling and along these lines pregnancy. These are all piece of the common request of things and are viewed as the two obligations and benefits also. The Problem of Fertility and Conception One of the most energizing stages in the life of an individual is the point at which the individual in question can reproduce and deliver a kid in to the world. On the off chance that you are a lady, getting pregnant for the most part is connected to your feeling of fulfillment and capacity to play out your natural job of parenthood. In like manner, in the event that you are a man, being a dad affirms your virility and your capacity to multiply and begin a family. Along these lines, origination isn't just a weight and job put upon the lady, yet in addition upon the man too in light of the fact that they have shared obligations during the time spent origination. In any case, this is normally obfuscated when both of you are confronted with issues with ripeness and origination, coming about to diminished capacity to get pregnant and deliver a kid. The typical issue of fruitfulness and origination additionally places a strain into a relationship, with accomplices centering and worrying o ver the need to consider. At the point when you are focused on, it for the most part causes an interruption in the progression of your chi (or vitality), and can achieve changes in how your body capacities. This change in substantial capacity can influence levels of explicit hormones that are answerable for fruitfulness (similarly as with ovulation in females and sperm includes and motility in guys), and in the end in origination. Additionally, stress can likewise negatively affect the body by adjusting blood and oxygen stream to essential pieces of the body that assumes a job in richness, origination and pregnancy. In addition, way of life and dietary examples have additionally been appeared and demonstrated to assume a noteworthy job in your ripeness by adjusting healthful and oxygen level and conveyance to different cells of your body. By having designs that are not exactly perfect, your richness, and in this manner, ability to get pregnant may likewise be influenced. Fruitfulness and Acupuncture As recently referenced, issues with fruitfulness or all the more regularly called fruitlessness, is because of various causes. In females, one of the most widely recognized components related with ripeness is the nearness of fits in the uterus and fallopian cylinders and unsuccessful labors. Needle therapy in richness is generally used to address these issues. Additionally, since richness is identified with hormonal levels, needle therapy can likewise be utilized to treat issues with hormones (explicitly the thyroid hormone) which are additionally brought up to be underlying drivers of barrenness. This can be seen when hormones answerable for the general feeling of wellbeing and prosperity are being influenced, making what you call as a â€Å"feel-good† state. In like manner, needle therapy is additionally utilized as a type of treatment for individuals with barrenness from normally obscure causes. These all assistance place needle therapy in the standard, permitting it to be utilized one next to the other with all the more restoratively conventional medicines. For ladies, needle therapy has been believed to improve hormonal levels that are exceptionally significant for ripeness, for example, the luteinizing and follicle-invigorating hormones. This can contribute significantly to higher odds of pregnancy, as was upheld by investigate contemplates. In guys, needle therapy has been believed to build the richness of guys as it adds to the expanded number and volume of sperm cells with ordinary qualities and diminishing the quantity of faulty ones. Additionally, this can likewise help improve sperm motility, making it arrive at its goal quicker than other sperm cells. Advantages of Acupuncture in Fertility Due to its capacity to realign and make a feeling of regularity in your vitality stream or chi, needle therapy can achieve a great deal of advantages for you as you go on your approach to improving your fruitfulness and become pregnant. As it adjusts those parts of your psyche and body that makes an issue in your condition of richness and capacity to consider, needle therapy joined with appropriate eating regimen and a decent physical condition can assist you with achieving pregnancy. In addition, the accompanying perspectives are likewise improved, adding to expanded richness. 1. Needle therapy encourages you lessen feelings of anxiety. In light of the weight you face in getting pregnant, mental type of pressure isn't remarkable. This can make a not exactly great effect on fruitfulness since the nearness of stress can lead your body to discharge hormones that may interfere with typical components that are identified with legitimate ovulation and menstrual cycle. Needle therapy helps around there by expanding the arrival of the hormone beta endorphin, permitting you to feel progressively loose and quiet and diminishing your pressure and uneasiness levels. Likewise, along these lines, the blood streaming to the uterus is improved, and oxygen and supplement gracefully to the ovaries are boosted. At the point when this occurs, your menstrual cycles are regularized, ovulation cycles are standardized and ripeness is improved. 2. Needle therapy expands the quality of your safe framework. Once in a while, issues with ripeness is brought about by an issue with the safe framework, making it less positive for fruitfulness to flourish and pregnancy to happen. Needle therapy medicines can assist you with treating the main driver of safe framework issues and guaranteeing that your body is at its most ideal condition vital for fruitfulness and origination. 3. Needle therapy can help in controlling your hormones identified with ripeness. As referenced in the past segment, when you are focused on, the body diminishes its arrival of an endorphin that is vital in controlling torment sensation and influencing the ovulatory forms fundamental for ripeness and origination. Hormones, for example, the gonadotropin discharging hormone, follicle animating hormone and the luteinizing hormone are directed, adding to ripeness. 4. The nature of your egg cells are improved after needle therapy medicines. On account of its capacity to standardize substantial capacities, and as a result the capacity of your endocrine organs, needle therapy can help improve the nature of your egg cells, coming about to better odds of fruitful origination and pregnancy. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that through standard medicines with needle therapy, ladies who are encountering anovulatory cycles can accomplish standardized menstrual cycles and that hormonal unsettling influences are likewise settled. 5. Symptoms of meds might be decreased through needle therapy medicines. One of the most widely recognized meds endorsed to more established ladies who need to become pregnant is Clomid. Nonetheless, one of this drug’s impact is the diminishing of your uterine coating, diminishing your odds to fruitful pregnancy. Needle therapy serves a turning around operator for this by making your uterine coating thicken and permitting it to keep up a uniform appearance and working. Along these lines, blood stream to the corridors in the uterus is improved, permitting more oxygen and supplements to be disseminated to the uterus and its linings which are helpful for advancing richness and pregnancy. 6. Needle therapy might be utilized correspondingly with in-vitro preparation (IVF) for better achievement rates. On account of its ability to increment and improve blood stream to the uterus, needle therapy is frequently utilized as an attendant treatment to IVF. This is on the grounds that needle therapy apparently causes a thickening in the uterine covering that is wealthy in oxygen and supplements, and furthermore by making this coating be increasingly uniform in structure. Blood stream to the ovaries are additionally expanded, guaranteeing better nature of the egg cells. 7. Uterine constrictions are diminished. During implantation, there is a propensity for your uterus to contract, which may make you lose the pregnancy. Needle therapy medications, when given routinely, may help in lessening these compressions during implantation, permitting the undeveloped organism to develop and turn into a baby that can carry on to term. 8. Needle therapy likewise helps fruitfulness in guys as well. This is on the grounds that with needle therapy, sperm appearance, check and motility is expanded. The previously mentioned advantages of needle therapy in ripeness might be accomplished through customary medicines and recognition of modalities that are set up to guarantee that you can best exploit the job of needle therapy in pregnancy.

How Common Is Female Sexual Harassment

How Common Is Female Sexual Harassment Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Print How Common Is Female Sexual Harassment? By Sherri Gordon facebook twitter Sherri Gordon is a published author and a bullying prevention expert. Learn about our editorial policy Sherri Gordon Updated on September 18, 2019 Hinterhaus Productions/Getty Images More in Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress When former  Thinx CEO Miki Agrawal came up with the concept of “period proof underwear,” the company was applauded for its commitment to empowering women and de-stigmatizing menstruation. So when Agrawal, a self-described feminist who claimed she created an open and safe working environment, was accused of sexually harassing her predominately female staff, people were shocked. Here was a company touted as a trailblazing feminist organization with a former CEO accused of female-to-female sexual harassment. How could that be? What Is Same-Sex Sexual Harassment? When most people think about sexual harassment in the workplace, they envision a man harassing a woman. But there are cases where women harass women, men harass men, and women harass men. In fact, the law  prohibits sexual harassment by either men or women against people of the same and opposite gender.?? Sexual harassment falls under Title VII, which is a law against sexual discrimination in the workplace. It occurs when someone engages in unwelcome sexual conduct in the workplace that affects you, your job, the work environment, as well as others in the workplace.Under the law, there are two types of sexual harassment claims:Quid pro quo claimsHostile environment claims With quid pro quo claims, a supervisor or someone with authority over an employee requests or implies an unwelcome sexual demand in exchange for something on the job, such as getting a promotion or not being fired. Meanwhile, a hostile environment occurs when the environment at work becomes intimidating or offensive because of sexual actions and comments. Examples might include sexual jokes and comments, sexual bullying, lewd remarks,  demeaning pictures, and unwanted sexting.   In the Thinx case, Agrawal allegedly had  an obsession with one employee’s breasts, touching them without permission and asking her to expose them.?? She was also accused of holding routine video conference meetings while naked in bed and frequently changing clothes in front of employees.   What’s more, there are reports that she conducted  at least one FaceTime meeting while sitting on a toilet and regularly discussed her sexual exploits, including polyamory. Other reports indicate she  expressed an interest in having a sexual relationship with at least one of her female employees.?? Why Dont People Report Same-Sex Sexual Harassment? Most researchers suggest that the actual number of people who have experienced same-sex sexual harassment is likely higher than what is currently being reported.?? In fact, it is extremely difficult to measure how frequently it occurs in the workplace because people often never file a complaint.   Aside from the fact that it is difficult to report and prove, victims of sexual harassment often worry that they are somehow to blame for the unwelcome sexual advances.?? Whats more, they worry about what others will think of them if they do file a report, especially when the harasser is the same gender. They are often riddled with embarrassment and shame over what is happening to them. Another reason for failing to report sexual harassment includes fear of retaliation. Research has found that sexual harassment is often ignored or trivialized by management within organizations.?? Additionally, when victims do say something about the treatment or ask that it stop, they are often met with hostility and accusations. Experts expect to see a rise in the number of same-sex sexual harassment complaints as employees become more empowered. In general, people are more willing to  stand up to others  and point out that their civil rights have been violated. Why Do People Sexually Harass Others? Too often, when someone is sexually harassed at work, people start to question the role the victim played in the abuse. But psychologists caution against this victim-blaming  viewpoint.?? Most would argue that regardless of the perpetrators gender and sexual orientation, sexual harassment is driven by anger and insecurity as much as it is by attraction.   In fact, most people who sexually harass others, regardless of whether they are men or women, are looking to control and dominate others.  The harasser feels more in control when  she has power over someone else. Whats more, some harassers are looking to embarrass and humiliate their targets rather than sexually stimulate or flirt with them. Sexual harassment is more about using a position of power to control and hurt someone else. Meanwhile, others say that in the workplace sexual harassment is a form of manipulation.?? Its a way to inadvertently devalue someones work by calling attention to their sexuality instead. How Often It  Occurs According to a 2015 survey, one out of three women between the ages of 18 and 34  experiences sexual harassment at work. Of those women, 81 percent of them have experienced verbal harassment, 44 percent have received sexual advances and unwanted touching, and 25 percent have dealt with lewd texts or emails. Meanwhile, 75 percent of women were harassed by male coworkers and 10 percent by female coworkers.   Yet, very few women are reporting the abuse. In fact, 71 percent of women say that they never reported the sexual harassment they endured at work. And of the 29 percent who did report the harassment, only 15 percent felt it was handled properly.   For those who work to educate others about sexual harassment prevention, these figures are particularly  disappointingâ€"especially considering that the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that 70 percent of employers provide sexual harassment training and 98 percent of companies have sexual harassment policies.??   If you have been a victim of sexual harassment at work, let someone in management or human resources know what you are experiencing. And if they do not take you seriously, contact the EEOC or an attorney for suggestions on what to do next.

Analysis Of The Article 10 Reasons Why Homosexual...

Nathan Fink PHL 123 Corrine Painter DATE Final Critical Analysis Paper In the Article â€Å"10 Reasons Why Homosexual â€Å"Marriage† is Harmful and Must be Opposed† by TFP Student Action the group lays out ten points on why it believes homosexual marriage is not only wrong but is harmful to society. The article gives 10 reasons why same-sex marriage is wrong: it is not marriage, it violates natural law, it always denies a child either a father or a mother, it validates and promotes the homosexual lifestyle, it turns moral wrong into a civil rights, it does not create a family but a naturally sterile union, it defeats the state’s purpose of benefiting marriage, it imposes its acceptance on all society, it’s the cutting edge of the sexual revolution, and it offends God. These reasons may sound rational on the surface, but I am going to point out flaws I see in these arguments. In the first argument, TFP Student Action makes the claim that marriage has always been a covenant between one man and one woman, which is far from true. According to The Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies in Religion and Ministry, â€Å"In many cultures, both ancient and modern, polygamy has been quite common, which describes the relationship of one husband with multiple wives† (CLGS). The fact that marriage has not always been between one man and one woman obviously discredits the argument made by the Student Action Group. Seeing as how the TFP’s definition of marriage has been discredited its argument from that

Jack Teagarden, Louis Armstrong, Troy Andrews - 545 Words

It takes a lot of dedication and effort to become a great musician. If you do not have those things then it might be hard for you to become a great musician. To be a great musician you also have to have discipline. Having discipline is key to being a great musician. Many musicians just think they can hop in and become a great musician, but it actually takes a lot of hard work. There are many great musicians in the world but none like Jack Teagarden, Louis Armstrong, and Troy Andrews. Jack Teagarden Jack Teagarden was an American jazz trombonist and singer (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). Many people around the world have come and watched him perform. He was one of the earliest white bluesman (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). He came from a jazz-playing family and was mainly self-taught (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). He played in several jazz groups across America’s Southwest (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). Teagarden was one of the great horn players of the 20th century (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). Teagarden was a very good player even when he was a kid. He made many albums throughout his life (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). Teagarden sometimes played with his brothers and sister. Many people have many of his albums. He recorded many records in the late 1920’s (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). He had a very good life. He was very famous for what he did. He was born in 1905 and died in 1964 (â€Å"Jack Teagarden† 1). He will be remembered as a good person and a great musician.

Should Animals Be Used for Scientific Research or Testing Free Essays

Should animals be used for scientific research or testing? Agli Panci Instructor: Eva Prifti Course: Composition I Time: Thursday, 15:00-18:00 From the early time humans survival was depended on animals, either as food or for transporting. Today we are using animals for a new kind of survival, we are using them for testing and experimenting medicines that we need for different diseases. All along this time, this experiments has helped a lot for discovering of new kind of diseases and medicine to cure them. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Animals Be Used for Scientific Research or Testing? or any similar topic only for you Order Now I think that stopping of this experiments will bring limitation in scientific progress. However there are o lots of organization that try to protect animal rights but anyway for the moment is the only what that we have to test and experiment new way curing new or existing deceases. Although that many organization of animal rights think that animals should not used in medical research data shows that there are a lots of medications that we use today are invented due to animal research, because there are some animals who have similar body functions with humans. Reducing the human suffering as much as we can must be our firs priority, and then our second priority must be reducing of animal suffering or death. Is not the same as using humans and animals in medical research for discovering new diseases that my affect both animals and human beings, in this case we must use animals for research so we avoid human suffering as much as we can and after that our priority should be animals. For death bringers deceases like HIV or different tumors we need to do experimenting and tests with animals because it is the mos efficient way to find new ways to cure without having human suffering. Regarding to the second part that says that we must do our best to have the minimum of animal suffering has to a lot with ethics of the scientists that are doing this experiments. Regarding a survey conducted in the American Medical Association show that 99% of all active physicians in the U. S think that animal testing is the only way yo medical advancements. With today technology we can keep animal suffering in the absolute minimum. We can use anesthetics to minimize the suffering. Also to reduce animal suffering can be done by keeping them comfortable and in clean and healthy environment conditions. In other words is clearly possible to use animals in research without being cruel to them. New technologies of scanning that exist today like magnetic resonance, which make possible for doctors to learn about a certain disease from animals without making them suffer. According to studies there are thousands of death bringers diseases that are discovered from 1600’s to 1990’s due to animal experimentation. According to Animal Use and Abuse Statistics, more than 25 million vertebrate animals are used annually, and the number of invertebrates may extend to billions in United States. Above the scientific ethics of the scientist is the technology that is available to him, so our part is to do our best to avoid not needed hurting or testing. So we must take our benefits from this experiments but also to protect this animals from death. According to the US based, Foundation for Biomedical Research: â€Å"Animal research has played a vital role in virtually every major medical advance of the last century – for both human and veterinary health. From antibiotics to blood transfusions, from dialysis to organ transplantation, from vaccinations to chemotherapy, bypass surgery and joint replacement, practically every present-day protocol for the prevention, treatment, cure and control of disease, pain and suffering is based on knowledge attained through research with lab animals. Humans genes are 99% like chimpanzees, and many other basic functions like eating, seeing, smelling are in humans like in animals. As a result of this similarity , the feedback of these animals are a very good guide to possible reactions of human patients. It is very possible that humans and animals can get o lot of the same diseases, because of this we can make the research in animals and test new medicines in them firs and after this we can produce for humans. As we know from the theory of evolution animals feel pain and pleasure,because we share with them our emotions. So the people using animals for experimenting or different purposes should treat them with respect. Also the purposes for witch they are used should be legitimate. The groups defending animals have tried to distort the truth about what animals are used for. They refuse the fact that these researchers are important and declaim that animals shouldn’t be used for any reason. They argue that medical community doesn’t support the fact that animals are used in research and it is obvious that it isn’t the truth. Besides the modern technology used in animal testing not all the experiments finish successfully and millions of animals die each year. Another point is that there are a lots of medicines that are tested in animals but they have side-effects in humans. So this kind of experiments bring suffering and deaths in both sides, in animals and in humans. Because different species reaction differently on different medicines. Animal rights organization have tried to dis inform public about the different fact in animal research. They do not accept the fact that use of animal in research has given a very useful contribution in curing different diseases. Today about 95% of U. S medical schools do not use animals to experiment new medicines or for testing purposes. They are trained using the human stimulation that the today technologies can offer and doing didactic work. While there are trying to find other ways to animal testing and experimenting, what the best scientist can do for now is try to reduce the number of animals being tested. They are using modern technologies and new types of scanning to see the animal organism so they don’t actually need to apply surgery. Though it is hard to completely stop the animal resting, what we can to is prevent unnecessary tests by stopping certain products that don’t require animal experimenting. In order that the pathogenesis of different diseases could be studied,doctors need animal experimentation as the only way at te current level of knowledge ,and it undertakes drug trials,vaccines to alleviate suffering for human and animals. To conclude, humans must try can to reduce the number of animals being harmed in these experiments aimed at benefiting society. References Cook, K. (2006, March 29). Facts about Animal Research . Message posted to http://www. pro-test. org. uk/2006/03/facts-about-animal-research. html PETA. Animal Testing Is Bad Science: Point/Counterpoint. Retrived from http://www. peta. org Research Animal Resources. Ethics and Alternatieves. Retrived from http://www. ahc. umn. edu University of Georgia. Animals Used in Experiments. Retrived from http://www. uga. edu How to cite Should Animals Be Used for Scientific Research or Testing?, Essays

The Nature of Health Insurance in the U.S

Introduction The provision of health care services has been a topic generating heated discussion among Americans for many years. This debate has been caused by the availability of two contrasting health insurance policy proposals in the United States that claim to solve the health care crisis in the country.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Nature of Health Insurance in the U.S specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On one hand, policy makers have been championing for the adoption of universal health insurance, which is a universal health care system that gives emphasis on the community. On the other hand, another group has been campaigning for the adoption of private health insurance, which gives emphasis to more individual risk assessment insurances. This unending debate has put the health care system in the U.S in a crisis. The ever-increasing cost of health insurance coverage is forcing many people to g o without medical insurance. These people include more than 45 million children who are caught in the middle of the raging debate. Politicians are caught between adopting a universal health care insurance that gives an emphasis to the community or the private insurance that gives an emphasis on the individual. This research paper looks at a comparison of the two policies in terms of efficiency and political influence. The research paper also looks at the issue of private funding for the two policies and gives a comparison on the outcome of the two policies. Finally, the paper gives an analysis of which of the two policies or some combination is most suitable to fix the U.S health care system. (National Council of Churches, 1999) Efficiency The pursuit for more efficiency in delivering health care services is unending in a country that uses more money in health care than any other. Attaining efficiency is also important in a country whose growth in spending surpasses its income and i s incapable of providing insurance coverage to more than 15% of its total populace. This is also happening in a country that ranks badly among developed countries in terms of putting up system measures that seek to increase life expectancy and reduce infant mortality. All these issues coupled with the country’s quality problems make it hard for Americans to be complacent about the value they get from their health care contributions. In the real sense, health care can only be termed to be efficient when it improves a patient’s well being while at the same time dissuading the misuse of resources. For the health care system to be termed as efficient, it should also be devoid of unnecessary care and eliminate any perceived inefficiency in the system. On top of this, any increase in health care cost should go hand in hand with enhanced value and efficiency of care. In these parameters, the U.S health system is far from being effective. (NCC, 1999)Advertising Looking fo r research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The universal health care system that focuses on the community in the U.S has forever been inefficient. Rural environment where this type of care is mainly centered has been presenting exceptional challenges for health care admission. In most cases, there are deficiencies of medical personnel in rural areas as well as transportation problems. On top of these, there is the existence of distance hurdles from care as well as the ever-rising issue of economic deterioration of rural health care services. For a long time now, majority of doctors have been shunning practicing medicine in rural areas in favor of urban places. Most of these doctors are in the pursuit of productive practices to help them in repaying high education debts that they might have incurred during their schooling days. On top of this, the doctors have been taught to make use of costly new machiner ies in diagnosis and treatment. Countryside practice locations often give lower returns for doctors and have less and more ancient technology resources than cities and uptown locations. Today, graduates from medical school are giving any excuse to avoid putting up their practice in rural places. As a result, rural communities suffer severe doctor shortage, which leads to high inefficiency in terms of quality provision of health care. (Bailey, 2009) The shortage of physicians is most evident in crucial prevention, analysis, and treatment. Public health systems and a score of other basic caregivers step in to fill in the gaps. These basic caregivers include practicing nurses, general practitioners, and community health workers. The ever-changing technology, sky rocketing charges coupled with other market determinants have caused many rural health care systems to sink to low levels of operation. The small upcountry health care providers lack the right equipment and workforce to treat t he wide range of recent diseases and injury. Diseases like coronary bypass surgery require specialized medical personnel, which can only be accessed in big hospitals. Patients in rural hospitals have to put up with long distance to access complex medical care that is usually not available in local hospitals. This makes many patients to regard the care offered in rural hospitals to be of inferior quality. This makes people with financial means and who are able to travel to shun rural hospitals in favor of urban ones even for less complex diseases. This negates the role of rural hospitals to treating only those people who are too weak to travel or those who cannot afford the high cost of care in urban areas. Since the small number of people visiting rural areas cannot support the hospitals’ operations, most of the hospitals end up closing.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Nature of Health Insurance in the U.S specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Upon the closure of these hospitals, old people, the physically handicapped, and the underprivileged are left with no access to inpatient care. On top of this, the whole community is deprived of access to emergency care. The situation in these rural hospitals shows the inefficient nature of universal health care system that many poor people rely upon. (NCC, 1999) As expenditures rise, public and private insurers must endeavor to manage their expenses. Prices for services include the least projected cost of providing each examination. Setting price controls adversely influence rural health systems. Owing to the high distance between service placements, the cost per every unit of service increases compared to that of urban centers. Home based care providers in rural settings spent most of their time hopping from one home to the other to where their patients are located while an urban nurse will find their work cut out since most of their patients live in the same locality. At the end of it all, the nurse in the city will end up visiting say ten patients while the one in the rural setting only gets to visit a maximum of two. While the urban home care provider gets paid for visiting ten patients, the one in rural areas gets paid for only three visitations despite the fact that both put up the same amount of time. This calls for stakeholders to rethink seriously about they scheme used to reimburse health care providers in rural places if they are to attract more people to work in such places. Since this has not been the case, we cannot yet claim that universal health insurance providers has attained the required level of efficiency in providing health care in rural areas where the many people who are in need of its services are located. (NCC, 1999) On its part, many people perceive private health care insurance as being responsible for keeping in check the medical cost inflation experienced in the 1980’s throug h reducing unnecessary hospital care, forcing providers to reduce their prices, and causing the whole health care industry to gain more efficiency and competitiveness. This was achieved through private insurance policy of managed care plans. Although consumers first saw managed care plan as their solution to more efficient health care provision, its fast growth led to consumer criticism.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Most of the private health insurers are concerned with making profits than they are concerned with patient’s health. Today, many people believe that private insurers decrease the time that a doctor spends with his patient. Statistics also show that it has become harder for patients to book an appointment with a consultant. On top of this, patients are unable to produce any meaningful health care savings. (Star, 1994) There have been claims from discontented patients and customer-support groups who claim that managed care initiatives control cost by disallowing required medical services to patients. These disgruntled parties claim that this happens even in life threatening circumstances. There have also been claims that most private health care insurers provide low-quality care that would cost them less money. This shows that private health insurance is yet to attain the efficiency level that Americans expect. The U.S health care system is tasked with the primary goals of prov iding high-value care, ready admission to the scheme, and reasonable prices. The realistic problem in proving health care is that following whichever two of these objectives magnifies the third. Therefore, a readily available system of high-value care tends to increase the cost, while a lower cost scheme that is readily available often leads to low quality levels. (Cleveland, 2002) This makes it important for people to realize that certain reasons of inflated health care prices are advantageous and expected. These are issues like an aging populace and the innovation of latest drugs and equipments. However, other causes of increased health care are unacceptable. These include the existence of profit minded care organizations that divert billions of health care dollars to their private coffers. If all the existing issues are looked at, there is much room left for the operation of a more efficient and accountable health care delivery scheme in America at a more cost effective price. Un til America gets to that point, people will continue clamoring for a more efficient health care insurance scheme. Since the biggest challenge to attaining a more efficient health care system is good use of resources, there is need for all stakeholders to come up with modalities that address this issue. In the future, the country will still experience the problem of limitless demand against diminishing resources. This calls for the need to make some hard decisions about what services are to be funded and which are to be ignored. While trying to contain inflation there is also the need to maintain high quality standards in medical care as well as provide better access to the system. As it is right now, both the community and private health care insurance schemes have serious flaws that make them far from being efficient. (Cleveland, 2002) Political Influence The provision of medical insurance has been experiencing interference from the political class in America for a long time. Medic al insurance has become the subject of every presidential campaign. American presidents have been trying to dictate which medical insurance plan is suitable for the people. Since different presidents have had different views regarding which system is the best, there have been great misunderstandings between different stakeholders. This has led to the number of Americans without insurance cover to go up in recent years. In the early period of the 1970’s, President Richard Nixon took conscious steps to change American health care from its traditional mode of not-for-profit business philosophy in to a for-profit model that would be under the insurance industry. This led to congress passing the Health Maintenance Organization Act, which brought some sanity in the business. Although the scheme received acclamation from the public, it lost favor among the public who viewed it as a scheme by organizations to make money from hapless citizens at the expense of their health. In his off ice days, President Bill Clinton termed the country’s health care system as â€Å"badly broken† and advised that it needed urgent repairs if all Americans were to benefit from the scheme. The president outlined a reform package that would be based on provision of universal health insurance for every American citizen. (Star, 1994) According to the plan, the federal government would play a key role in funding health care services. According to the president, a new law would be created that would bar people from enrolling in private insurance schemes. In the new scheme, both employers and individuals would be compelled to contribute to meet the insurance cost. This proposal received praise and criticism from different quarters. The crisis that President Clinton tried to address was out of concern from the high rate at which health care costs were increasing. At the time, Americans were using a large percentage of their earning on medical care. There was also concern over the high managerial costs that the system was spending and the high number of American citizens who were without insurance cover. According to sources, the average American spends about 11% of his income on medical care. According to the same source, this figure is expected to rise to about 17% in the next 10-15 years. Coupled to this, the costs of administration constitutes 12% of the overall health care expenditures and at any given time an average of 13% of Americans are without medical insurance cover. (Star, 1994) According to Clinton, the situation in the health care industry arose due to the use of scarce resources. He reasoned that since all resources have different uses, there are times when one has to quit using some goods in favor of others. This means that consumers will always buy products based on their economic value. When the price of an economic commodity goes up, people tend to preserve the consumption of that product. Clinton reasoned that the consumption of medic al insurance would go up if a third party were paying for it. The people who were opposing this plan claimed that if the government took the responsibility of meeting the full cost of medical insurance, then Americans would never know the real value of medical cover. According to skeptics, this would be like giving free goods to a child who would never know the true value of them. Simply put, this means that people would misuse the scheme since they were not involved in funding it. (Star, 1994) Although Clinton’s reform program was much hyped, it never saw the light of day once it got into congress. Republicans did everything within their power to ensure that the reforms never sailed through. At the end of it all, Clinton had not only lost his reform agenda but he had also been accused of leading Americans into an illusion. The collapse of the proposed Clinton health care reforms is touted to be one of the worst failures that a government plan has received in the recent past. Considering the groundwork that had been put up by Democrats and their fellow Republicans who were considered lukewarm, one soon realizes that reforming the health sector in America is not as easy as people think. This is partly because there are vested interests from different stakeholders. Bill Clintons’ reform package probably remains the closest thing that Americans ever came to getting a consensus in to the health care insurance debate. However, due to majority of politicians favoring the universal health care system, it has remained as the most favorable scheme among Americans who consider private insurance as more concerned about making profits than it is in taking care of people’s health. (Star, 1994) The health care reform debate was re-ignited once President Barack Obama came to power in 2008. Perhaps taking the cue from his fellow democrat Bill Clinton, Obama came up with reforms that sought to make health care insurance affordable for all Americans. Presid ent Obama proposed that the existing universal health insurance was supposed to be made more attractive for it to be able to effectively compete with the private insurance schemes. According to Obama, this would give Americans a wide variety of choices, make the health care sector become more viable, and make insurance companies become more honest. However, this scheme received instant rejection from Republican lawmakers who viewed it as undermining the spirit of competition in the health insurance industry. The lawmakers claimed that forcing liberal markets to compete with government-funded programs was creating an uneven playing ground, something that went against the rules of running free markets. Despite rejections by Republican lawmakers and other stakeholders, America is still gravitating toward a fully government-funded health insurance scheme. Today, the governments pay accounts for about 47% of all health care expenses. This is done through schemes such as Medicare, Medicai d, and the state sponsored Children Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). If the government manages to carry through with its public health scheme, the total amount that the government chips in the health insurance sector would significantly go up. (Bailey, 2009) Today, the number of Americans covered by private health insurance totals to about 170 million. Employers enroll majority of these people in the scheme. If the Obama health care plan sails through congress, the premiums that the public pays in the universal health care scheme would go down by between 30-40%. Although this seems to be a great move, analysts claim that it is ill advised since it is achieved by forcing price regulations. Despite the fact that lowering the premiums would attract more people to join health insurance, the scheme has its shortcomings. According to analysts, the lower premiums would push employers to do away with the private insurance and enroll their workers in the universal health scheme. Analysts pr edict that if the Obama health package sails through, it would reduce the number of Americans enrolled in the private health scheme to only 50 million down from 170 million. The Nixon, Clinton, and Obama examples show just how U.S presidents have been trying to dictate which health care insurance plan is fit for Americans. (Live Pulse, 2010) Private Funding About 85% of Americans have membership in a type of medical insurance scheme. This is either through some form of private health insurance or universal insurance programs provided for by the government. Majority of Americans receive funding for their health insurance from employers. The employers meet a large amount of the health insurance cost. From the beginning of 2001, the premiums for family coverage have gone up by 78%. On top of the employer contributions, workers under the employer-sponsored insurance scheme are also required to contribute a certain percentage of the total cost. Every time someone goes to receive medical attention, he is supposed to pay a small fee that the insurance company does not meet. This is done in form of deductions and co-payments. A very small percentage of Americans pay for health insurance from their pockets. Some states have also come up with â€Å"high-risk insurance pools† (HRPs) to provide medical cover to people whose health status bars them from accessing coverage under the private health insurance scheme. Under this scheme, the state governments enter into an agreement with private health insurance providers to allow them to manage the pool. In return, the private insurers are required to offer a variety of health plan options to that group of people who are considered â€Å"medically uninsurable†. The private insurance companies charge higher premiums for HRP patients than those charged for the ordinary people. This pool is funded by money from the state revenue collections. The federal government also chips in some money to help the state governmen ts to set up and fund this pool. (Bailey, 2009) In the universal scheme, government initiatives directly cover about 27.8% of the total population. These include the elderly people, physically handicapped, children, and a certain fraction of the extremely poor. On top of this, there is a federal law that allows public access to emergency services regardless of whether they are in an insurance scheme or not. The public scheme uses almost 57% of the total sum spend in the health care insurance sector. Charity organizations also contribute a sizable amount of money toward the universal health scheme. This money comes from non-profit organizations, religious organizations, and services donated by employees to aid the poor. Overall, both the private and the public health schemes heavily rely on third parties to meet the cost of health care. Analysts observe this as one reason why the cost of providing health care has been on the rise. (Bailey, 2009) Achievements of the two schemes Over t he last fifty years, the phenomenal rise in medical usage has been one of the most outstanding occurrences in the health care industry. Over the years, the total health care expenditures as total share of GDP have grown threefold from the paltry figure of 5% to about 14% at the turn of the century. According to analysts, this commendable growth was because of the vigorous campaign put in promoting health insurance. Studies show that the consumption of medical usage began showing an upward growth in 1965 when the government introduced the Medicare program. Prior to this, the only health insurance cover available to Americans was the private one that many people could not afford. Today, Medicare is one of the major health insurance plans in the world benefiting close to 40 million people and spending a big fraction of the federal budget as well as 2% of the country’s GDP. Before the introduction of Medicare, universal health insurance was unheard of and the private health insur ance schemes available then did not cover the aged. During this time, elderly patients or their relatives had to meet all the medical cost. Once Medicare was introduced in 1965, the enrollment of elderly people went up by almost 100%. Today, even the private health insurance sector has come up with programs destined specifically for the elderly population. (Cleveland, 2002) By looking at the two schemes, it is prudent to say that both have helped in putting each other in check. The introduction of Medicare has done a great deal in streamlining the health insurance industry which prior to this was only run by private health insurers. Although the elderly population constituted of only 10% of the total population, their contributions totaled to about 20% of the total expenditure at the time. Today the equation is level between the age divide. Alternatively, many people were able to join insurance schemes after the introduction of Medicaid. Although the universal health insurance progr am is not anywhere near perfect, it is still a relief for many American people who cannot afford the cost of private medical insurance. The competition generated by the existence of the two schemes has helped to streamline the industry. However, more work needs to be done if the two schemes are to be effective. Key among this would be to bring down the inflated costs of health insurance and to provide more quality services for Americans. It is also important to look at the group of people who lack medical insurance because they do not fit into any scheme. This group of people earns more money that disqualifies them from joining the public insurance scheme. At the same time, their salary cannot allow them to fit in the private insurance scheme making them to remain uninsured. However, state governments have been doing an extra job to ensure that these people get group insurance that is given to groups of small employers. All these developments can only be credited to the introduction of public health insurance and especially Medicare. (Cleveland, 2002) Final Analysis From the look of things, the woes bedeviling health care insurance are far from being over. Neither the universal nor the private health insurance is capable of solving America’s health care woes on its own. The best insurance scheme would be the one that seeks to reduce the inflated costs of obtaining health insurance. While the universal health care scheme that most politicians have been routing for tends to gravitate towards this end, it does not actually attain this objective. If the Obama proposed health care overhaul is implemented, it would cost the exchequer about $115 billion in unrestricted spending over ten years more than the initial projections. If congress approves the plan, the added spending would see the expected revamp costing over $1 trillion. This would go against the people’s wish of seeing a health care reform that brings down the cost of health insurance. This s hows that while the program is laudable, it cannot be relied to bring about the much-needed efficiency lacking in the health insurance sector. Running a universal health insurance scheme that forces people to give up their membership on private health insurance is not only illegal but also lacks morals. The proposed universal health scheme also goes against the tenets of market-based competition. This is because a universal health scheme would give the government an upper hand and hence knock private health insurers out of business. (Cleveland, 2002) The best health care insurance for Americans would be the one that balances between the universal and private health insurance. This can be achieved by putting the compensation to doctors and hospitals proposed under the universal health insurance at the middle between Medicare and private insurance. In this set-up, the number of people under private insurance would only drop to 67 million. This would be a big relief given the original figure of 120 million people that the private insurance scheme would lose if the government pushed ahead with its plan to adopt a universal health insurance for all Americans. The best thing about setting up a corresponding public insurance scheme is that America would end up with an unambiguous two level medical insurance system where citizens insured under the private scheme would have an access to superior medical care. Some developed countries have also come up with this form of a health care insurance scheme. In the U.K, more people are opting to enroll for private insurance other than enrolling in the government’s National Health Service. This would mean that privately insured Americans got higher quality health care compared to their colleagues in the universal insurance scheme. This policy will not work any time soon since majority of the political class favor the creation of a universal health over private health care insurance issuers. (Live Pulse, 2010) Conclusion The health insurance debate has continued to generate heated debate for a long period. Given the vested interests in the different schemes, the debate is not about to die any time soon. Caught in the middle are American citizens who have to content with inflated prices and others who have to go without insurance cover simply because they cannot afford it. The political elite has been trying to come up with a universal health insurance that focuses on the public. Another group has been pushing for the striking of a balance between the universal and private health schemes. This tug of war between the divergent groups has made prices in health insurance to soar to levels where most Americans are unable to afford. As it is, both the private and the universal health schemes as they exist today lack efficiency and until they are streamlined, Americans will continue to demand more value for their money. This should be done with haste in order to put America’s health insurance in the same rank with that of other developed economies. References Bailey, R. (2009) The Beginning of the End of Private Health Insurance. How Obama’s Public Health Insurance Option Will Quickly Evolve in to the Only Option. Web. Cleveland, P. (2002) Universal Health Coverage: The Cure or the Disease? Critical Issues, 4 (1). Web. Live Pulse. (2010) Breaking News on the Health Care Fight. Web. National Council of Churches. (1999) Resolution for Renewed Faith Community Universal Health Care Campaign. Web. Star, P. (1994) What Happened to Health Care Reform? The American Prospect, 20 (1). Web. 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